[Assessment the relationship between anal stenosis and neonatal colic]

Due to abundance of neonatal colic in neonates, there is a need to discover the etiology of this problem by performing etiologic studies. There are some reports that show the anal stenosis has a probable etiologic role in these colics. This study aimed to determine the relationship between neonatal colic and anal stenosis in the neonates presenting to Mofid children hospital during the spring to autumn of 2009 to determine. This is a case-control study. The case group was the neonates at the age of 3 months or less with a documented diagnosis of neonatal colic. The control group was age and sex matched group of neonates with case group, without any neonatal colic. A total of 192 cases were studied and there were 96 cases in each group. Diagnosis of neonatal colic was confirmed by Wessel criteria and that of anal stenosis by bougie. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test, and OR was calculated. With respect to age and sex, the cases in two groups were matched. In case group, 23 patients [24%], and in control group 1 patient [1%] had anal stenosis [OR=23; p<0.000]. It appears that neonatal colic and anal stenosis have statistical relationship. Therefore, we recommend clinical trial to assess the etiologic relationship between neonatal colic and anal stenosis

[Microleakage of wetbond self adhesive composite in class V cavities]

The self adhesive composite has been introduced for reducing the process of using composite. The new composites can chemically and micromechanily attach to tooth without using bonding. There are no studies that show the traits of these composites. The purpose of this study was to compare the microleakage of new self-adhesive flowable composite with usual bonding [excite], Tetric Flow composite. In this in vitro experimental Study, 30 freshly extracted caries _free human molars were used. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups of 15 cavities [two cavities in each tooth]. Two modified class V cavities [3mm diameter, 2mm depth] were prepared using a round diamond bur [Swiss Tec [806 314]] on the cementoenamel junction of each tooth. The cavities were filled following the order: Group A: Etching/Excite Bonding/ Tetric Flow composite, Group B: WetBond composite, GroupC: Etching/Wetbond composite, Group D: Etching/Excite Bonding/WetBond composite. All samples were then subjected to thermocycling at temperature between 5 and 55[degree sign]C. 1000 cycles were performed. Next, the specimens were immersed in 2% aqueous solution of basic Fuchsine dye. After that, the teeth were embedded in acrylic resin. Finally, the teeth were sectioned buccolingually in the middle and were evaluated by two independent examiners on a stereomicroscope at 40x magnification to verify the dye penetration. The data analyzed by Kruskall Wallis [P<0.02] and Mann-Whitney test [P<0.05]. The least microleakage in occlusal region was found in group A and then in group D. The greatest microleakage was in groups B and C. The least microleakage in gingival margin was found in groups D and B and the greatest microleakage in groups A and C. According to this study, use of WetBond Self Adhesive Composite in class V cavities alone is not suggested and using etching and bonding prior to it could reduce the microleakage